16^th International Chemistry Congress

Analytical techniques spans nearly all areas of chemistry but involves the development of tools and methods to measure physical properties of substances and apply those techniques to the identification of their presence (qualitative analysis) and quantify the amount present (quantitative analysis) of species in a wide variety of settings, analytical chromatography will be used in various fields for separation and analytical biochemistry is used to detect various samples.

Green chemistry, also called sustainable chemistry, is an area of chemistry and chemical engineering focused on the designing of products and processes that minimize the use and generation of hazardous substances. Environmental chemistry focuses on the effects of polluting chemicals on nature whereas green chemistry focuses on the environmental impact of chemistry, including technological approaches to preventing pollution and reducing consumption of non-renewable resources.

Physical Chemistry is the study of macroscopic, atomic, subatomic, and particulate phenomena in chemical systems in terms of the principles, practices, and concepts of physics such as motion, energy, force, time, thermodynamics, quantum chemistry, statistical mechanics, analytical dynamics and chemical equilibrium. , in contrast to chemical physics, is predominantly (but not always) a macroscopic or supra-molecular science, as most of the principles on which it was founded relate to the bulk rather than the molecular/atomic structure alone (for example, chemical equilibrium and colloids).

Theoretical chemistry is the examination of the structural and dynamic properties of molecules and molecular materials using the tools of quantum chemistry, equilibrium and non-equilibrium statistical mechanics and dynamics. Theoretical chemistry seeks to provide theories and explanations for chemical observations whilst also posing questions to be answered by future experiments. Playing a key role in physical chemistry, it uses the laws of physics to predict molecular structure, dynamics, bonding, reactivity, physical properties and spectroscopic response.

Polymer chemistry is a sub-discipline of chemistry that focuses on the chemical synthesis, structure, chemical and physical properties of polymers and macromolecules. The principles and methods used for polymer chemistry are common to chemistry sub-disciplines organic chemistry, analytical chemistry, and physical chemistry. Many materials have polymeric structures, from fully inorganic metals and ceramics to DNA and other biological molecules; however, polymer chemistry is typically referred to in the context of synthetic, organic compositions. 

Pharmaceutical chemistry is the study of drugs, and it involves drug development. This includes drug discovery, delivery, absorption, metabolism, and more. There are elements of biomedical analysis, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics. Pharmaceutical chemistry work is usually done in a lab setting. Pharmaceutical chemistry involves cures and remedies for disease, analytical techniques, pharmacology, metabolism, quality assurance, and drug chemistry.

Materials chemistry involves the use of chemistry for the design and synthesis of materials with interesting or potentially useful physical characteristics, such as magnetic, optical, structural or catalytic properties. The interdisciplinary field of materials science, also commonly termed materials science and engineering involves the discovery and design of new materials, with an emphasis on solids.

Biochemistry can be defined as the science concerned with the chemical basis of life. The cell is the structural unit of living organisms. Thus, biochemistry can also be described as the science concerned with the chemical constituents of living cells and with the reactions and processes, they undergo. By this definition, biochemistry encompasses large areas of cell biology, of molecular biology, and of molecular genetics.

Chemical engineering is a branch of engineering that applies physical sciences (physics and chemistry), life sciences (microbiology and biochemistry), together with applied mathematics and economics to produce, transform, transport, and properly use chemicals, materials and energy. A chemical engineer designs large-scale processes that convert chemicals, raw materials, living cells, microorganisms and energy into useful forms and products. It is a process engineering which mainly comprises of the concepts of unit operation, unit process and chemical technology.

Clinical chemistry (also known as chemical pathology, clinical biochemistry or medical biochemistry) is the area of chemistry that is generally concerned with analysis of bodily fluids for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. In the many decades since, other techniques have been applied as science and technology has advanced, including the use and measurement of enzyme activities, spectrophotometry, electrophoresis, and immunoassay.

Combinatorial chemistry comprises chemical synthetic methods that make it possible to prepare a large number (tens to thousands or even millions) of compounds in a single process. These compound libraries can be made as mixtures, sets of individual compounds or chemical structures generated by computer software. Synthesis of molecules in a combinatorial fashion can quickly lead to large numbers of molecules.

Electrochemistry is the branch of physical chemistry that studies the relationship between electricity, as a measurable and quantitative phenomenon, and identifiable chemical change, with either electricity considered an outcome of a chemical change or vice versa. These reactions involve electric charges moving between electrodes and an electrolyte (or ionic species in a solution). Thus, electrochemistry deals with the interaction between electrical energy and chemical change.

Chemistry of natural product is a field of organic chemistry. A natural product is a chemical compound or substance produced by a living organism that is found in nature. The term natural product has been extended for commercial purposes to refer to cosmetics, dietary supplements and foods produced from natural sources without added artificial ingredients.

Applied chemistry is the application of the principles and theories of chemistry to answer a specific question or solve a real-world problem, as opposed to pure chemistry, which are aims at enhancing knowledge within the field. Applied Chemistry is the scientific field of understanding basic chemical properties of materials and for producing new materials with well-controlled functions.