15^th International Chemistry Congress

Analytical techniques spans nearly all areas of chemistry but involves the development of tools and methods to measure physical properties of substances and apply those techniques to the identification of their presence (qualitative analysis) and quantify the amount present (quantitative analysis) of species in a wide variety of settings, analytical chromatography will be used in various fields for separation and analytical biochemistry is used to detect various samples.

Green chemistry, also called sustainable chemistry, is an area of chemistry and chemical engineering focused on the designing of products and processes that minimize the use and generation of hazardous substances. Environmental chemistry focuses on the effects of polluting chemicals on nature whereas green chemistry focuses on the environmental impact of chemistry, including technological approaches to preventing pollution and reducing consumption of non-renewable resources.

Physical Chemistry is the study of macroscopic, atomic, subatomic, and particulate phenomena in chemical systems in terms of the principles, practices, and concepts of physics such as motion, energy, force, time, thermodynamics, quantum chemistry, statistical mechanics, analytical dynamics and chemical equilibrium. , in contrast to chemical physics, is predominantly (but not always) a macroscopic or supra-molecular science, as most of the principles on which it was founded relate to the bulk rather than the molecular/atomic structure alone (for example, chemical equilibrium and colloids).

Theoretical chemistry is the examination of the structural and dynamic properties of molecules and molecular materials using the tools of quantum chemistry, equilibrium and non-equilibrium statistical mechanics and dynamics. Theoretical chemistry seeks to provide theories and explanations for chemical observations whilst also posing questions to be answered by future experiments. Playing a key role in physical chemistry, it uses the laws of physics to predict molecular structure, dynamics, bonding, reactivity, physical properties and spectroscopic response.

Polymer chemistry is a sub-discipline of chemistry that focuses on the chemical synthesis, structure, chemical and physical properties of polymers and macromolecules. The principles and methods used for polymer chemistry are common to chemistry sub-disciplines organic chemistry, analytical chemistry, and physical chemistry. Many materials have polymeric structures, from fully inorganic metals and ceramics to DNA and other biological molecules; however, polymer chemistry is typically referred to in the context of synthetic, organic compositions.

Pharmaceutical chemistry is the study of drugs, and it involves drug development. This includes drug discovery, delivery, absorption, metabolism, and more. There are elements of biomedical analysis, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics. Pharmaceutical chemistry work is usually done in a lab setting. Pharmaceutical chemistry involves cures and remedies for disease, analytical techniques, pharmacology, metabolism, quality assurance, and drug chemistry.

Materials chemistry involves the use of chemistry for the design and synthesis of materials with interesting or potentially useful physical characteristics, such as magnetic, optical, structural or catalytic properties. The interdisciplinary field of materials science, also commonly termed materials science and engineering involves the discovery and design of new materials, with an emphasis on solids.

Biochemistry can be defined as the science concerned with the chemical basis of life. The cell is the structural unit of living organisms. Thus, biochemistry can also be described as the science concerned with the chemical constituents of living cells and with the reactions and processes, they undergo. By this definition, biochemistry encompasses large areas of cell biology, of molecular biology, and of molecular genetics.

Chemical engineering is a branch of engineering that applies physical sciences (physics and chemistry), life sciences (microbiology and biochemistry), together with applied mathematics and economics to produce, transform, transport, and properly use chemicals, materials and energy. A chemical engineer designs large-scale processes that convert chemicals, raw materials, living cells, microorganisms and energy into useful forms and products. It is a process engineering which mainly comprises of the concepts of unit operation, unit process and chemical technology.

Clinical chemistry (also known as chemical pathology, clinical biochemistry or medical biochemistry) is the area of chemistry that is generally concerned with analysis of bodily fluids for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. In the many decades since, other techniques have been applied as science and technology has advanced, including the use and measurement of enzyme activities, spectrophotometry, electrophoresis, and immunoassay.

Combinatorial chemistry comprises chemical synthetic methods that make it possible to prepare a large number (tens to thousands or even millions) of compounds in a single process. These compound libraries can be made as mixtures, sets of individual compounds or chemical structures generated by computer software. Synthesis of molecules in a combinatorial fashion can quickly lead to large numbers of molecules.

Electrochemistry is the branch of physical chemistry that studies the relationship between electricity, as a measurable and quantitative phenomenon, and identifiable chemical change, with either electricity considered an outcome of a chemical change or vice versa. These reactions involve electric charges moving between electrodes and an electrolyte (or ionic species in a solution). Thus, electrochemistry deals with the interaction between electrical energy and chemical change.

Chemistry of natural product is a field of organic chemistry. A natural product is a chemical compound or substance produced by a living organism that is found in nature. The term natural product has been extended for commercial purposes to refer to cosmetics, dietary supplements and foods produced from natural sources without added artificial ingredients.

Applied chemistry is the application of the principles and theories of chemistry to answer a specific question or solve a real-world problem, as opposed to pure chemistry, which are aims at enhancing knowledge within the field. Applied Chemistry is the scientific field of understanding basic chemical properties of materials and for producing new materials with well-controlled functions.

Medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutical chemistry are disciplines at the intersection of chemistry, especially synthetic organic chemistry, and pharmacology and various other biological specialties, where they are involved with design, chemical synthesis and development for market of pharmaceutical agents, or bio-active molecules (drugs). Medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutical chemistry are disciplines at the intersection of chemistry, especially synthetic organic chemistry, and pharmacology.

Agricultural chemistry is the study of both chemistry and biochemistry which are important in agricultural production, the processing of raw products into foods and beverages, and in environmental monitoring and remediation. These studies emphasize the relationships between plants, animals and bacteria and their environment. As an applied science or technology, it is directed toward control of those processes to increase yields, improve quality, and reduce costs.

Industrial Chemistry is the branch of chemistry which applies physical and chemical processes towards the transformation of raw materials into products that are of benefit to humanity. Industrial inorganic chemistry includes subdivisions of the chemical industry that manufacture inorganic products on a large scale such as the heavy inorganics (chlor-alkalis, sulfuric acid, sulphates) and fertilizers (potassium, nitrogen, and phosphorus products) as well as segments of fine chemicals that are used to produce high purity inorganics on a much smaller scale.

Supramolecular Chemistry is the branch of chemistry beyond that of molecules and focuses on the chemical system made up of a discrete number of assembled molecular subunits of components. The forces liable for the abstraction organization might vary from weak to strong interaction given that the degree of electronic coupling between the molecular elements remains tiny with relation to relevant energy parameters of the element.

Nuclear chemistry is the chemistry of radioactive such as the actinides, radium and radon together with the chemistry associated with equipment (such as nuclear reactors) which is designed to perform nuclear processes. This includes the surfaces and the behavior under conditions of both normal and abnormal operation (such as during an accident). An important area is the behavior of objects and materials after being placed into a nuclear waste storage or disposal site.

Environmental Chemistry can be defined as the study of the sources, reactions, transport, effects, and fates of chemical species in the air, soil, and water environments; and the effect of human activity and biological activity on these. Chemical measures of water quality include dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, nutrients nitrates and phosphorus, heavy metals (including copper, zinc, cadmium, lead and mercury), and pesticides. Geochemistry is a science that deals with the chemical composition of and chemical changes in the earth's crust.

Crystal engineering is the design of molecular solids with specific physical and chemical properties through an understanding and manipulation of intermolecular interactions. Engineering strategies typically rely on hydrogen bonding and coordination bonds, but can also use other interactions, such as halogen bonds and π–π interactions. Crystal Engineering is a fast-growing area of knowledge with implications in both academical and industrials environment. It can be defined as the rational design and synthesis of functional molecular solids.

Nano chemistry is the combination of chemistry and Nano science. Nano chemistry is associated with synthesis of building blocks which are dependent on size, surface, shape and defect properties. Nano chemistry is being used in chemical, materials and physical, science as well as engineering, biological and medical applications. Nano chemistry and other Nano science fields have the same core concepts but the usages of those concepts are different.